mindmap root((垄断)) monopoly implies exclusive control of a public service or exclusive power to buy or sell a commodity in a particular market: our modern electric utilities are controlled and regulated ~ies. corner applies to a temporary effective monopoly of something sold on an exchange so that buyers are forced to pay the price asked: maintained his ~ on wheat for three days. pool applies to a combining of interests and joint undertaking by apparently competing companies to regulate output and manipulate prices: refused to join the commodities ~. syndicate in financial circles, refers to a temporary association of individuals or firms to effect a particular piece of business; in more general terms it applies to a combination of things, such as newspapers, business firms, or criminals, interested in a common project or enterprise and often carries suggestions of monopoly: own a horse through the ~. trust historically applies to a merger of companies in which control is vested in trustees and stockholders exchange their stock for trust certificates in the new company, but it is often extended to any large or complex combination of business interests especially when felt to represent a threat to healthy competition: prosecuted for violation of ~ laws. cartel commonly implies an international combination for controlling production and sale of one or more products: carried on delicate negotiations with the oil ~.